APPENDIX B - FACTOR LOADINGS Uses
and Gratifications and Internet Profiles: A Factor Analysis |
FACTORD GROUPS |
|||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
|
Escape The internet is a nice break from routine |
.702 |
.251 |
|
.134 |
|
|
|
Relax I use the internet to relax |
.700 |
|
|
|
-.190 |
|
|
Pleasure I use the Internet because its entertaining |
.697 |
.222 |
|
|
|
|
.278 |
Relax I use the Internet because it make me feel less tense |
.680 |
|
.209 |
.263 |
|
.117 |
|
Inclusion - On the internet I can talk to different people |
.666 |
.141 |
.232 |
.109 |
|
|
-.348 |
Pleasure The internet is stimulating |
.639 |
.103 |
.340 |
|
-.124 |
-.118 |
.124 |
Control On the internet I can do what I want to |
.545 |
|
.389 |
|
|
|
|
Control On internet I can act how I want to |
.538 |
|
.359 |
.273 |
.225 |
|
-.118 |
Inclusion I use the internet to keep up with popular sites |
.524 |
|
.171 |
|
-.147 |
|
.220 |
Pleasure I use the internet because its exciting |
.520 |
.210 |
.354 |
|
|
-.105 |
|
Escape I use the internet to get away from pressure |
.509 |
|
.181 |
.423 |
.224 |
|
-.124 |
Inclusion I use the Internet because I need to talk to someone |
.483 |
|
.190 |
.335 |
.184 |
.201 |
|
Unwillingness to communicate Most people dont really know me |
.469 |
-.298 |
|
.345 |
|
|
|
Escape I use the internet to role/play |
.455 |
-.237 |
.322 |
.174 |
.244 |
|
|
LOC/External I sometimes feel life is kicking me around |
.448 |
|
|
.299 |
.129 |
-.144 |
|
Escape I use the internet to put other things off |
.438 |
|
|
.243 |
.275 |
|
.370 |
Gratified The internet is just another tool |
-.423 |
.127 |
|
-.111 |
.423 |
|
.123 |
Loc/internal Friends depend on me |
-.310 |
.233 |
.295 |
-.127 |
-.117 |
|
.247 |
AffectionI talk w/ others because Im concerned |
|
.690 |
|
-.124 |
|
-.151 |
|
Inclusion I talk with others because I like to know someone is there |
-.148 |
.666 |
.130 |
.162 |
|
.190 |
|
Pleasure Talking w/others is stimulating |
|
.646 |
.139 |
-.121 |
|
|
.350 |
Affection I talk with others to thank them |
|
.591 |
-.191 |
|
|
-.172 |
.159 |
Relax Talking with others is relaxing |
|
.578 |
|
|
|
.249 |
|
FACTORD GROUPS |
|||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
|
Pleasure Talking with others is exciting |
.117 |
.576 |
.185 |
-.167 |
.151 |
.120 |
.180 |
Pleasure Talking w/others is entertaining |
.320 |
.565 |
|
|
|
.108 |
.437 |
Relax I talk w/others because its a pleasant rest |
.183 |
.557 |
|
|
|
.139 |
.453 |
Inclusion I talk w/others because I need someone to talk to |
.139 |
.546 |
|
.249 |
|
|
.326 |
Willingness to communicate My friends mostly understand me |
|
.513 |
.135 |
-.353 |
|
.250 |
.157 |
Affection I talk to others to help them |
|
.508 |
-.164 |
.111 |
|
-.222 |
.114 |
Willingness to communicate - Friends listen to me |
|
.497 |
|
-.362 |
.118 |
|
|
Willingness to communicate Most people think Im friendly and outgoing |
|
.497 |
.146 |
-.378 |
|
|
-.169 |
Willing to communicate I like group discussions |
.153 |
.490 |
|
|
|
|
-.125 |
Information I use the internet to help with research |
|
.439 |
.293 |
-.189 |
-.202 |
-.430 |
|
Loc/internal I can do anything I set my mind to |
-.244 |
.385 |
.225 |
-.213 |
-.231 |
|
|
Inclusion/Unwillingness I use the internet to keep in touch with others |
.274 |
.349 |
.146 |
|
|
-.120 |
|
Information - Its easy to get information on the internet |
.187 |
.348 |
.330 |
|
-.233 |
-.236 |
-.264 |
LOC/External What is going to happen, will happen |
|
.200 |
-.162 |
|
.106 |
|
-.179 |
Highly Gratified If I could do everything online, I would |
.167 |
-.170 |
.693 |
|
|
|
-.113 |
Highly Gratified I dont know how I got by before the internet |
|
-.183 |
.681 |
|
|
|
|
Highly Gratified I depend a lot on the internet |
|
|
.658 |
.101 |
-.167 |
|
.295 |
Highly Gratified I internet feels like an old friend sometimes |
.443 |
-.133 |
.589 |
|
|
|
|
Highly Gratified - I found surprises on the Internet |
.138 |
.177 |
.549 |
|
|
|
.160 |
Control - When using the internet, I feel like I have lots of knowledge at my fingertips |
|
|
.547 |
|
-.256 |
-.175 |
-.109 |
Meta-connection- Sometimes I feel Im crossing dimensions on the internet |
.200 |
-.132 |
.544 |
.178 |
.237 |
|
|
Control I use the Internet because I feel more in control |
.382 |
-.144 |
.544 |
.246 |
.133 |
-.223 |
|
Highly Gratified I use the internet much more than I expected I would |
.214 |
|
.537 |
-.133 |
-.115 |
|
|
Gratified internet satisfies my expectations in general |
.161 |
.339 |
.532 |
|
-.173 |
.132 |
.120 |
Control I can use internet at own pace |
|
.215 |
.531 |
|
|
|
-.138 |
FACTORD GROUPS |
|||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
|
Meta-connection I feel connected to so many things on the internet |
.318 |
|
.509 |
|
|
|
-.135 |
Gratified I am usually satisfied with internet results |
.131 |
.314 |
.486 |
|
-.248 |
|
.219 |
Control It is more convenient talking to people through the internet |
.254 |
|
.478 |
|
.135 |
|
-.112 |
Meta-connection When Im on the internet I feel like Im traveling the world |
.234 |
|
.440 |
|
.148 |
|
-.302 |
Loc/internal I can usually protect my interests |
-.140 |
.294 |
.422 |
|
|
|
|
Loc/internal What happens to me depends on me |
-.319 |
.303 |
.385 |
-.119 |
-.165 |
-.194 |
|
Unwillingness to communicate I often get nervous when speaking to others |
|
|
|
.772 |
|
|
|
Unwillingness to communicate I am often afraid to speak up |
.205 |
|
|
.715 |
|
|
-.263 |
Unwillingness to communicate I am often shy |
.250 |
|
-.104 |
.682 |
|
-.114 |
-.188 |
Unwillingness to communicate I often wish I had more friends |
.381 |
|
.116 |
.611 |
|
-.102 |
|
Inclusion I talk w/others because I feel less lonely |
.101 |
.334 |
|
.522 |
|
|
.311 |
Affection The internet distracts from loneliness |
.475 |
|
.229 |
.518 |
|
.146 |
|
Unwillingness to communicate My relationships have little meaning |
.196 |
-.176 |
.146 |
.518 |
|
.138 |
.161 |
Loc/external I have little control over what happens to me |
.145 |
-.131 |
-.188 |
.507 |
.298 |
|
|
Unwillingness to communicate I would rather listen than talk |
.109 |
|
|
.445 |
-.130 |
-.161 |
|
Willingness to communicate it is easy to talk to strangers |
|
.171 |
|
-.380 |
.274 |
.268 |
|
Unwillingness to communicate /Control I dont usually ask for advice when I work on something |
|
-.235 |
.194 |
.342 |
|
|
|
Ungratified Things are often difficult to find on the internet |
|
|
|
|
.709 |
|
|
Ungratified I am often disappointed with my internet experience |
|
|
|
|
.694 |
|
|
Highly Gratified/Control I often get frustrated on the internet but continuing using it anyway |
|
.102 |
|
|
.693 |
|
|
Ungratified The internet is not near what people say about it |
|
|
-.113 |
|
.673 |
|
|
Ungratified All the talk about the internet is a bunch of hype |
|
-.124 |
|
|
.550 |
|
-.215 |
Highly Gratified/Control I often spend a long time looking for something on the internet when this is an easier way to find it |
|
.129 |
|
.130 |
.499 |
|
.258 |
Ungratified The internet has taken a lot of the warmth out of communications |
|
.281 |
-.246 |
|
.487 |
|
|
Ungratified I use the internet only when I have to |
-.355 |
.290 |
|
|
.481 |
|
|
FACTORD GROUPS |
|||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
|
Gratified/Ungratified There are few things I do on the internet |
-.174 |
.185 |
-.197 |
.192 |
.421 |
.117 |
-.240 |
LOC/External Many things about my life are controlled by others |
.150 |
|
|
.364 |
.364 |
|
.139 |
LOC/External Luck has a lot to do with what happens to me |
.192 |
-.264 |
|
.172 |
.329 |
-.221 |
.119 |
Highly Gratified (Unwillingness to communicate) I would rarely talk to others if not through the internet |
|
|
.219 |
.171 |
.314 |
.299 |
.211 |
Use search engines |
.102 |
|
|
|
-.169 |
.581 |
|
Educational level |
|
|
.141 |
|
-.121 |
.537 |
|
Age |
-.158 |
|
.119 |
|
|
.521 |
-.126 |
Use research/telnet |
|
|
|
-.115 |
-.102 |
.506 |
|
Information I use the internet to learn new things |
.118 |
.177 |
.291 |
-.247 |
-.152 |
-.493 |
.120 |
Use I use the internet for games/chatrooms |
.269 |
-.232 |
-.105 |
-.249 |
.211 |
-.451 |
|
Control I use the internet because its more convenient than library |
|
|
.352 |
|
-.112 |
-.408 |
|
Information - I use the internet to get information |
|
.296 |
.237 |
-.234 |
-.321 |
-.401 |
-.124 |
Use I use instant messaging |
.267 |
-.323 |
|
-.253 |
|
-.366 |
.188 |
Use newsgroups and listserves |
.182 |
|
-.202 |
-.135 |
.111 |
.361 |
.112 |
Use I use the Internet to surf |
.183 |
.101 |
|
|
-.130 |
.338 |
-.139 |
Use News/Information |
.305 |
|
|
-.254 |
-.135 |
.338 |
|
Time total time on the Internet |
|
|
|
-.210 |
|
.332 |
|
Use I use email |
|
|
.207 |
-.213 |
|
.257 |
|
Access location |
|
.102 |
|
|
|
.151 |
|
Control I talk w/others because I need something done |
|
|
|
|
|
-.207 |
.680 |
Control I talk w/others to get something I dont have |
|
.165 |
|
-.211 |
|
|
.600 |
Escape I talk to others to put something else off |
.134 |
.121 |
|
.189 |
.193 |
|
.539 |
Control I talk w/others to tell them what to do/instruct |
|
.284 |
|
-.177 |
|
|
.532 |
Gender |
|
|
-.111 |
|
|
|
-.112 |
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with
Kaiser Normalization.
a Rotation converged in 13 iterations.
Feel free to cite material in this study, but please provide this reference: |
Angleman, S. (December, 2000). Uses and Gratifications and Internet Profiles: A Factor Analysis. Is Internet Use and Travel to Cyberspace Reinforced by Unrealized Gratifications? Paper presented at the Western Science Social Association 2001 Conference held in Reno, NV. <http://www.jrily.com/LiteraryIllusions/InternetGratificationStudyIndex.html> (date of access). |
Complete factor analysis and other detailed data is available upon request (SPSS format, IBM)). For information or comments concerning this study, please contact, Sharon Angleman at sharon@jrily.com Visit my home site at http://www.jrily.com/LiteraryIllusions/ for other journalistic materials. |